The Nazca Lines are a series of lines etched into the desert floor in southern Peru that make designs only seen from above. Although the lines are only an average of five centimeters deep and twenty centimeters wide, they have remained virtually untouched for thousands of years. The ancients put a thin layer of lime on them which has helped to prevent erosion, but it is still a mystery how they have withstood the ravages of time.
There is a lot of debate about how natives, who presumably had no form of flight, could have built the Nazca Lines and why they would have. The first idea came from Erich Von Daniken, the man who discovered them; he thought they were a type of runway for spaceships. That was proved wrong by Maria Reiche who found out the ground was soft and the spaceships would have gotten stuck.
Later a type of fabric woven more tightly than parachute fabric was found in some tombs in the area. That inspired some people to make a hot air balloon out of only plants that are available in the area. The balloon took them up to 180 meters before it got caught in massive winds. The wind forced the balloon down and the people jumped off just before the wind took it to 350 meters. That proved the Nazca people could have used some type of hot air balloon.
The problem with the hot air balloon idea, however, was that there are a lot of winds in the area surrounding the Nazca Lines. A balloon sent from the University of Minnesota was destroyed by the winds. The Incans probably would have found those same problems. That suggested the Nazca people probably didn’t use balloons.
There are plenty of other theories as to the reason for the Nazca Lines as well. Some feel the ancients worshipped animals like the dog, monkey, spider, and other animals so they drew lines for the gods to see. Some people believe the lines are a map to a treasure. Some believe it is an important message for future people. There is also the popular theory that aliens made them, although why they would make them is unknown.
In the area surrounding Nazca, there are many other mysteries as well. In the town of Ica, just to the north of Nazca, one can see coneheads skulls in the regional museum and mysterious carved stones in the private museum of Dr. Cabrera